Future in the Past
Oʻtmishdagi kelasi zamon
Yasalishi
Tasdiq
S
He said he would call the next day.U ertasi kuni qoʻngʻiroq qilishini aytdi.
Inkor
S
I thought he would not come.Men u kelmaydi deb oʻylagandim.
going to bilan
S
She knew they were going to move.U ularning koʻchib ketishini bilardi.
Future in the Past nima?
Future in the Past — oʻtmishdagi nuqtadan qaralgan kelajakni bildiradi. Soʻzlovchi oʻtmishga qaytadi va oʻsha paytda hali sodir boʻlmagan ish haqida gapiradi.
Tasdiq shakli
Ikki yoʻl bor. would — Future Simple dagi will ning oʻtgan zamon shakli. was / were going to esa niyat va rejani bildiradi.
| Shakl | Yasalishi | Namuna |
|---|---|---|
| would bilan | S + would + V | He said he would call |
| going to bilan | S + was / were going to + V | She was going to call |
He said he would call the next day.U ertasi kuni qoʻngʻiroq qilishini aytdi.
She knew they were going to move.U ularning koʻchib ketishini bilardi.
Inkor shakli
would da inkor not bilan yasaladi, qisqa shakli — wouldn't. going to da esa not was yoki were dan keyin turadi.
| Shakl | Yasalishi | Namuna |
|---|---|---|
| would bilan | S + would not (wouldn't) + V | He said he would not call |
| going to bilan | S + was / were not going to + V | She was not going to call |
I thought he would not come.Men u kelmaydi deb oʻylagandim.
They were not going to wait any longer.Ular boshqa kutmoqchi emas edilar.
Savol shakli
Savolda yordamchi feʼl egadan oldinga chiqadi. Amalda bu shakl koʻpincha Did you know...? kabi gap ichida uchraydi.
| Shakl | Yasalishi | Namuna |
|---|---|---|
| would bilan | Would + S + V? | Would he call? |
| going to bilan | Was / Were + S + going to + V? | Was she going to call? |
Did you know she would leave so soon?U shunchalik tez ketishini bilarmidingiz?
Was he going to tell us the truth?U bizga haqiqatni aytmoqchimidi?
Qoʻllanilishi
Future in the Past quyidagi holatlarda ishlatiladi.
Oʻtmishdagi nuqtadan qaralgan kelajak
Hikoya oʻtmishda ketayapti va oʻsha paytda hali boʻlmagan ish tilga olinadi. Sanoq nuqtasi hozir emas, oʻtmishdagi lahza — shuning uchun will emas, would ishlatiladi. Ish keyinchalik sodir boʻlganmi yoki yoʻqmi, bu shakldan bilinmaydi: u faqat oʻsha paytdagi qarashni beradi.
In 2010 nobody knew the city would grow so fast.2010-yilda hech kim shahar bunchalik tez oʻsishini bilmasdi.
That morning she felt the day would be long.Oʻsha tongda u kun uzun boʻlishini his qildi.
He left the office knowing he would return late.U kech qaytishini bilib ofisdan chiqdi.
Koʻchirma nutqda will oʻrniga
Toʻgʻri nutqdagi will koʻchirma nutqqa oʻtganda would ga aylanadi: I will call you → He said he would call me. Qolgan zamonlar ham bir pogʻona orqaga suriladi, shuning uchun bu oʻzgarish yolgʻiz emas — u zamonlar muvofiqligi qoidasining bir qismi.
She promised she would send the file.U faylni yuborishga vaʼda berdi.
They announced the shop would close at seven.Ular doʻkon yettida yopilishini eʼlon qilishdi.
The teacher warned the test would be difficult.Oʻqituvchi test qiyin boʻlishidan ogohlantirdi.
Bajarilmagan niyat
was / were going to shakli niyat boʻlgan, lekin amalga oshmagan ishni bildiradi. would dan farqi aniq: would faqat kelajakni koʻrsatadi, was going to esa rejaning bekor boʻlganini ham anglatadi. Shuning uchun gapda koʻpincha but bilan sabab keladi.
We were going to travel, but the flight was cancelled.Biz sayohat qilmoqchi edik, lekin reys bekor qilindi.
He was going to apologise, then changed his mind.U uzr soʻramoqchi edi, keyin fikridan qaytdi.
I was going to call you last night.Kecha kechqurun sizga qoʻngʻiroq qilmoqchi edim.
Oʻtmishdagi reja va bashorat
Jadval, prognoz yoki umumiy kutilma oʻtmishda qanday boʻlganini bildirishda: The forecast said it would snow. Bu yerda gap kimningdir niyati haqida emas, oʻsha paytdagi rasmiy yoki umumiy kutilma haqida boradi — shuning uchun would neytral eshitiladi.
The schedule said the train would arrive at noon.Jadvalda poyezd tushda kelishi yozilgan edi.
Everyone expected the price would fall.Hamma narx tushishini kutgan edi.
The forecast warned it would snow by evening.Ob-havo maʼlumotida kechga qor yogʻishi aytilgan edi.
Hikoyada kelajakni koʻrsatishda
Hikoya oʻtgan zamonda ketadi, lekin qahramon oldida turgan ish aytilishi kerak. Shunda would oʻsha nuqtadan qaralgan kelajakni beradi: He did not know that he would never see her again. Bu usul adabiy matnda keng tarqalgan — oʻquvchi qahramondan koʻra koʻproq biladi.
He did not know that the journey would change everything.U safar hammasini oʻzgartirishini bilmasdi.
She left the house that morning and would never return.U oʻsha tong uydan chiqdi va boshqa qaytmasdi.
Nobody guessed how long the wait would last.Kutish qancha choʻzilishini hech kim taxmin qilmagandi.
was going to bilan bekor qilingan reja
Oʻtmishda reja bor edi, lekin u amalga oshmadi; koʻpincha gapda sabab ham aytiladi. We were going to leave early, but the car broke down. Reja bajarilgan boʻlsa, bu shakl ishlatilmaydi — oddiy Past Simple yetarli: We left early.
We were going to travel, but the flights were cancelled.Sayohat qilmoqchi edik, lekin reyslar bekor qilindi.
He was going to apologise, but she had already left.U uzr soʻramoqchi edi, lekin u allaqachon ketgandi.
They were going to buy the flat, but the price rose.Ular kvartirani olmoqchi edilar, lekin narx koʻtarildi.
Payt koʻrsatkichlari
Keyingi payt
Nisbiy payt
Future in the Past va Future Simple
Future in the Past
He said he would finish it.U buni tugatishini aytdi.
Future Simple
He says he will finish it.U buni tugatishini aytyapti.