Barcha zamonlar jadvali
Ingliz tilidagi oʻn ikki zamon bir sahifada
Oʻn ikki zamon
Ingliz tilida zamon ikki oʻlchovdan yigʻiladi: qachon (Present, Past, Future) va qanday (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous). Uchga toʻrtni koʻpaytirsak — oʻn ikki zamon chiqadi.
Yasalish formulalari
Jadvalning har katagi bitta zamonning formulasi. V — feʼlning asosiy shakli, V2 — oʻtgan zamon shakli, V3 — uchinchi shakl.
| Zamon | Simple | Continuous | Perfect | Perfect Continuous |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | V / V-s | am / is / are + V-ing | have / has + V3 | have / has been + V-ing |
| Past | V2 | was / were + V-ing | had + V3 | had been + V-ing |
| Future | will + V | will be + V-ing | will have + V3 | will have been + V-ing |
She works in a hospital.U shifoxonada ishlaydi.
She worked there for five years.U u yerda besh yil ishlagan.
She will work from home tomorrow.U ertaga uydan ishlaydi.
Bir feʼl, oʻn ikki shakl
Quyidagi jadvalda bitta work feʼli barcha zamonlarda koʻrsatilgan. Naqshni bir marta koʻrgan odam uni istalgan feʼlga qoʻllay oladi.
| Zamon | Simple | Continuous | Perfect | Perfect Continuous |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | she works | she is working | she has worked | she has been working |
| Past | she worked | she was working | she had worked | she had been working |
| Future | she will work | she will be working | she will have worked | she will have been working |
Zamonni qanday tanlash
Zamon tanlash ikki savoldan iborat. Avval qachon: oʻtmish, hozir yoki kelajak. Soʻng qanday: ish muntazammi (Simple), aynan oʻsha paytda ketyaptimi (Continuous), tugab natija berganmi (Perfect), yoki natijaga qadar qancha choʻzilgani muhimmi (Perfect Continuous). Uchta vaqt va toʻrtta koʻrinish oʻn ikki zamonni beradi — har bir katak shu ikki savolning kesishmasi.
I write reports every Monday.Men har dushanba hisobot yozaman.
I am writing a report right now.Men hozir hisobot yozyapman.
I have written three reports today.Bugun uchta hisobot yozdim.
Bir voqea, uch xil qarash
Bitta voqeani qaysi zamonda aytish — gapning qaysi tomoni muhimligiga bogʻliq, voqeaning oʻziga emas. She worked here faktni, She has worked here hozirgi aloqani, She had worked here esa boshqa oʻtmish voqeasigacha boʻlgan davrni bildiradi. Voqea bitta, qarash uch xil — shuning uchun zamon tanlash grammatik emas, mazmuniy qaror.
He read the book last night.U kecha kechqurun kitobni oʻqidi.
He was reading the book at nine.U toʻqqizda kitob oʻqiyotgan edi.
He had read the book before the exam.U imtihondan oldin kitobni oʻqib boʻlgan edi.